Internet
has become an important infrastructure of the modern society. Today’s
Internet is completely based on Internet
Protocol version 4 protocol (IPv4) which is the foundation of
routing and addressing. In February, 2011, the Internet Assigned
Numbers Authority announced the exhaustion of available IPv4
addresses. As a result, IPv4 addresses are no longer available to
support future development, resulting in growth and economic
competitiveness in the IPv6 market. This is followed by trends such
as remote monitoring, mobility, smart transport, and smart devices.
Even without these trends, shortage of addresses will be a major
problem.
The
successor of Internet Protocol version 4 protocol has been made
available since a decade (1993). It is called the Internet Protocol
version 6 (IPv6). Internet Protocol version 6 is the most recent
version of the internet protocol. This protocol provides location and
identification systems for computers across the internet. This
version of the internet protocol was developed by Internet
Engineering Task Force in order to deal with the anticipated problem
of the exhaustion of the internet protocol version 4.
The
IPv6 is meant to replace IPv4, which carries more than 90% of
internet addresses worldwide as of May 2014. In addition to a large
addressing space, the IPv6 provides technical benefits such as easy
management of networks, improved security features, end-to-end
connective integrity, unlimited address abundance and integrated
mobility and interoperability. The IPv6 permits hierarchical address
allocations which facilitates route and network aggregation across
the internet network. This limits the expansion of all routing
tables. The IPv6 provides a platform for innovation and collaboration
and also provides additional optimization for the delivery of
services.
The
transition from version 4 to version 6 is a crucial evolution in the
internet history. The exhaustion of IPv4 address has a considerable
impact on the innovation of the internet protocol as it is the most
essential parameter for any technology which connects to the
internet. Failure to enable transition from IPv4 to IPv6 will have a
major impact on consumers access to broadband internet, on
e-Government, sensor technologies, intelligent highway systems,
internet enabled mobile applications, automated monitoring of natural
resources, distribution of renewable energy, and internet support for
immigration and advanced employment and welfare applications.
However, multi homing problem, lack of real support from dominant
router and software vendors and complexity of transition from IPv4 to
IPv6 are some of the barriers to the adoption of IPv6.
According
to the Asia Pacific Network Information Centre (APNIC), Asia Pacific
was the first region on the world coming into the periods of lacking
IPv4. Since 2011 no fresh IPv4 addresses have been allotted globally
to any of the service providers. The resulting scarcity has compelled
global telecommunication companies and internet service providers to
increase cost of providing IPv4 addresses by almost three times. The
Department of Telecom (DoT) in India has announced March 2014 as a
deadline for all state and central government departments for the
version 6 readiness. The National Internet Protocol version 6
Deployment Roadmap by the Network and Technologies Cell ordered that
all internet service providers with more than ten thousand
subscribers should be ready to use IPv6 services. The DoT has also
set up IPv6 task force to help the government in making the
transition.
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